Bishiklik Petroglyphs in Neyshabur County, Northeastern Iran
Mohammad Hossein Rezaei,
Saber Soleymani,
Kourosh Ahmadi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2016
Pages:
11-16
Received:
5 April 2016
Accepted:
14 April 2016
Published:
27 April 2016
Abstract: Neyshabur County is located in the North East of Iran. This county borders to Binaloud mountain range and Qochan County from the north, to Esferayen and Sabzevar counties from the west, to Kashmar and Torbate heydarieh counties from south and to Mashhad County from east. Neyshabur County has witnessed human settlements in different periods because of fertile plains and abundant hydrological resources. Bishiklik petroglyphs are located within 30 km of Neyshabur -Kashmar road (6 km southeast of Kalateh Hassan Abad village), which has direct access via a dirt road passing through the village. A few motifs have been engraved on the smooth surface of a large boulder by percussion and carving techniques. The depth and color of the motifs even those in the same scene is different, so that the depth of some of the motifs has been eroded over time through the effect of natural factors and is not visible since it has become level with the boulder. Stone engraving motifs include stylized animal motifs such as canines as well as a human on horseback motif, mountain goat with large exaggerated backward horns, which forms the majority of the motifs in petroglyphs of Bishiklik. Unfortunately, despite the large number of Rock engravings (rock art) throughout Iran, this rock art has been rarely subject to research and precise analysis. This challenges becomes complicated in North East of Iran (Khorasan) as the poorest region in the field of archaeological research. These issues as well as the poor status of Bishiklik petroglyphs made us evaluate and introduce this valuable relic.
Abstract: Neyshabur County is located in the North East of Iran. This county borders to Binaloud mountain range and Qochan County from the north, to Esferayen and Sabzevar counties from the west, to Kashmar and Torbate heydarieh counties from south and to Mashhad County from east. Neyshabur County has witnessed human settlements in different periods because ...
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The Main Centers for Production of Enameled Pottery and Their Features
Najmeh Nouri,
Fereshteh Sharifi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2016
Pages:
17-25
Received:
29 April 2016
Accepted:
9 May 2016
Published:
20 May 2016
Abstract: This project is about skills and ability of Iranian potters in producing porcelain enamel. Procedure of performing relief and decoration in manufacturing center contain characteristics that make different every center from other centers. The main question is that where the main centers of porcelain is enamel And what is basic property of porcelain enamel decoration in different city? Rey, Saveh, Sultan Abad and Kashan was the main centers of porcelain enameled. Gorgan, Neighbor and Tabriz are the other cities of manufacturing clay. Perhaps, Rey and Kashan manufactured clay for the same time T but pointers of Kashan was the best. In Kashan style in spite of Rey, the most important matter was descriptive forms and craftsman considered more attention to this. In Kashan group, statues was the biggest level and faces was impressive and decoration was disperse that is completely differ from Rey method. In Rey method of ten used from miniature design and in Kashan method used of calligraphy and designing for decorating clays. Pottery industry in Saveh is most important rival for Rey and Kashan, that this is not so differ from pottery in Rey and Kashan. in some dishes that produced by using of Saveh method, there is combination of Rey and Kashan method and can be said this is adoption of human body in Kashan style, but there is some intervention in state of human faces and decoration style in designing of cloths. Since, Saveh was heir apparent, developing of pottery in Soltan Abad is due to relation with Kashan. There is some advantages in Soltan Abad clays that contain: scant colures, accuracy of animal design, so that this is not so differ from natural forms and bowl dishes that is not common in other city. Soltan Abad glaze have more arch and garniture and impacts of china art was observed from Soltan Abad clay, also, human faces in this type of clay is look like mogul faces. Research method of this project is historical and look in sites carried out by using of internet and searching the foreign museums. The purpose of this research is to investigate main centers of manufacturing porcelain enameled and its property in each center.
Abstract: This project is about skills and ability of Iranian potters in producing porcelain enamel. Procedure of performing relief and decoration in manufacturing center contain characteristics that make different every center from other centers. The main question is that where the main centers of porcelain is enamel And what is basic property of porcelain ...
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