Farmers’ Perception on the Effect of Rainfall Variability on Rice Yield in Dadin-Kowa of Gombe, Gombe State
Bachama Boyi Noel,
Audu Haruna Omar,
Ibrahim Ahmed Kawu,
Matai Emon Parmaina,
Adamu Muhammad Kamaludeen,
Tarki Sadiq Kubmuto
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
15-21
Received:
22 September 2019
Accepted:
24 October 2019
Published:
17 September 2020
Abstract: This work examines famers’ perception on the effect of rainfall variability on rice yield in Dadin-kowa, Yamaltu Deba Local Government Area of Gombe State. Nigeria. Data for the study were collected via questionnaire survey of 60 respondents and it also covered and relates with daily rainfall data for a period of Seventeen (17) years, 2001 to 2017 from Upper Benue River Basin Dadin-kowa Meteorological Centre. Frequency table and percentages was used to access the In-depth knowledge and the perceived effects of climate change, rainfall variability to be précised, on rice production. While the analysis using Cumulative Rainfall Model clearly demonstrates delay in onset of rainy season, early cessation of rainy season and shortening of the length of hydrological growing season. The result further reveals 30th May as the onset mean date, the cessation mean date is 12th October and hydrological growing season is having a mean of 137 days. Farmers make sequential decision: Adjusting planting timing in response to delays in the onset of rainy season while changing crop variety responding to delay in the end of previous year’s rainy season. The findings of the study show that the decrease in yield of rice is the immediate impacts of rainfall variability. Thus a study understanding farmers’ perception on the effects of rainfall variability on rice yield can prove extremely valuable.
Abstract: This work examines famers’ perception on the effect of rainfall variability on rice yield in Dadin-kowa, Yamaltu Deba Local Government Area of Gombe State. Nigeria. Data for the study were collected via questionnaire survey of 60 respondents and it also covered and relates with daily rainfall data for a period of Seventeen (17) years, 2001 to 2017 ...
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Adorning the Body, Asserting Status: Prestige-Goods and Social Distinction at Ancient Chadic Chiefdom of Houlouf (Northern Cameroon)
Augustin Ferdinand Charles Holl
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
22-31
Received:
13 November 2020
Accepted:
23 November 2020
Published:
4 December 2020
Abstract: Copper and alloyed copper artefacts, carnelian and glass beads have been recovered in archaeological excavations since the middle of the 20th century in the Chadian plain in northern Cameroon, northeastern Nigeria and southwestern Chad Republic. The initial research projects conducted by Marcel Griaule and Jean-Paul Lebeuf resulted in the “creation” of the Sao Civilization, characterized by a relatively high level of art craftmanship. They made impressive large pottery vessels, terracotta figurines, iron objects, and copper and alloyed copper artefacts, called “Sao Bronzes”. These artefacts were generally analysed from their supposed artistic characteristics; production techniques – the lost wax technique – were addressed but no metal production features were ever recorded in the first decades of research on northernmost Cameroon mounds. The Houlouf archaeological project conducted from 1981 to 1991 allowed for a better understanding of the production and use of the copper/alloyed copper artefacts and other prestige goods recovered from archaeological contexts. They range widely in nature, forms, and shape. There are ordinary personal adornment items – finger-rings, arm-rings, and ankle rings, necklaces, waist-beads – to very specialized cavalry – leg-guards – and archery – arm-bands -, including exceptional figurines. This contribution brings to light the context of use and socio-political implications of these prestige artefacts and outlines their meaning in the developing Central Sudan long-distance trade networks.
Abstract: Copper and alloyed copper artefacts, carnelian and glass beads have been recovered in archaeological excavations since the middle of the 20th century in the Chadian plain in northern Cameroon, northeastern Nigeria and southwestern Chad Republic. The initial research projects conducted by Marcel Griaule and Jean-Paul Lebeuf resulted in the “creation...
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UV Fluorescence Imagery of the Turin Shroud – Digitally Revisited
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
32-36
Received:
2 December 2020
Accepted:
14 December 2020
Published:
22 December 2020
Abstract: UV fluorescence imagery of faint or fragile images and markings (writing) on relics and artwork is an affordable non-destructive tool useful in revealing often invisible details and in monitoring temporal stability. UV fluorescent images of Turin were recorded for the first time during the 1978 scientific investigation. The original images were recorded on color film and now have been digitally scanned and enhanced using image processing software. The processed UV images contain spectral discriminatory information and high spatial detail resolution with high contrast that is not discernable in white light images. Differing fluorescent emission colors were found to be associated with image features such as body image, burns, blood flows, skin wounds and water flows on the Turin Shroud. Spectral signature information has the potential for assisting the determination or elimination of the causes responsible for the appearance of the various features. Inconsistent and non-uniform exposure problems in the original photography were revealed, and their impact the subsequent digitization of the images is discussed. Suggestions for future fluorescence image collection include the design of equipment that will eliminate the problems associated illumination and film exposure. The extraction of spectral and spatial detail through UV fluorescence imagery is relevant to tracking temporal and climatic changes to assist conservation efforts.
Abstract: UV fluorescence imagery of faint or fragile images and markings (writing) on relics and artwork is an affordable non-destructive tool useful in revealing often invisible details and in monitoring temporal stability. UV fluorescent images of Turin were recorded for the first time during the 1978 scientific investigation. The original images were rec...
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